Beneficence refers to an ethical principle advocating actions that contribute to the well-being of others. This term, originating from the Greek word for goodness, underlines the moral obligation to assist others by boosting their health, their wisdom, or their safety. Not only present in the medical field, beneficence also applies broadly across disciplines, including social […]
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Nonmaleficence is a key principle in bioethics that underlines the obligation not to inflict harm intentionally. It directly translates from Latin to “do no harm,” getting its roots from the Hippocratic Oath traditionally taken by physicians. Though its origin is in the medical field, nonmaleficence is also an important standard in various contexts, extending to
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Precision refers to the ability to consistently repeat the same task or obtain the same results across multiple attempts. For example, a baseball player who can consistently hit the ball to the same part in the park has a very precise hit. Similarly, someone who can turn up on time to work day-in, day-out has
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Accuracy refers to being close to the target. For example, if a journalist is accurate in reporting, then her claims tend to be very close to the truth. If a golfer tends to be accurate, then they regularly get the ball close to or in the hole. To be accurate, we need to be close
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Mediation is a conflict resolution process that involves a neutral third party known as a mediator whose job is to facilitate a productive interaction. The goal of a successful mediation is to achieve mutual understanding and consensus. The process is entirely voluntary, with the mediator not imposing decisions, rather helping parties to explore options and
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Conformity can be defined as the tendency to align with others around us. When we conform, we modify our behavior or ideas to match those of the group. Conformity can be both good and bad. It can be good because it helps society to cooperate and function in an orderly way. But it can also
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The status quo refers to the current state of things or the existing state of affairs. In various fields such as politics, law, and sociology, it’s used to denote the prevailing social or political structure. It can relate to the conditions at a particular point in time, functioning as a benchmark against which change is
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A critique is an in-depth analysis and evaluation of a work, idea, or event. Critical evaluation is considered a higher-order thinking skill necessary for logical reasoning and development of new ideas. Critique not only includes critical evaluation of content, but also an assessment of the structure, style, and effectiveness of a work or idea in
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Negativity bias refers to people’s tendency to be more attentive to negative rather than positive information. Negative information is more likely to be used in decision-making and affect our judgments in a wide array of situations. Although one of the earliest mentions of this propensity was from Tversky and Kahneman (1981), it was Rozin and
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Arrogance is a trait people have when they have more confidence than they really should. They think they are better than they really are, and fail to see their own faults. Arrogant people tend to be hard to get along with because they often assume they’re better than everyone else. As a result, they fail
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