In political theory, hard power refers to the use of military and economic force to influence the actions and behaviors of other political entities. It is contrasted to soft power, which refers to tools like diplomacy, cultural exchange, and foreign aid in order to exert influence. While hard power is seen as an extremely powerful […]
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Common classroom management styles include the assertive discipline method, Ginott’s Method, and the pragmatic method. Teachers tend to develop their classroom management style based upon their teaching philosophy. A behaviorist teacher might use assertive discipline, while a progressive teacher might use choice theory. Other teachers might have a situational approach, where their style depends on
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The 5 bases of power is a model proposed by French and Raven (1959)1 highlighting the five ways in which power can be sourced and leveraged for people in leadership roles. The 5 bases are1,2,3,4,5,6: The first three are considered formal power. The final two are considered informal or personal power7. Other sources of power
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The 5 sources of power is a concept created by French and Raven (1959)1 that is used in leadership theory to conceptualize how people can gain and exercise power in an organization and everyday life. These sources of power are: I’ll explain the pros and cons of each ‘base of power‘ below, with examples. The
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Expert power refers to the power a person garners from being recognized as an expert in the topic by followers or subordinates. Heldman, Baca and Jansen (2007, p. 348)1 define it below: “Expert power occurs when the person being influenced believes the manager, or the person doing the influencing, is knowledgeable about the subject or
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Reward power is a type of power in leadership where leader has the capacity to distribute rewards as incentives to subordinates. It is “derived from having the capacity to provide rewards to others” (Northouse, 2010, p. 7)1. This is one of five sources of power proposed by French and Raven (1959)2 in their taxonomy of
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Coercive power refers to the power a leader has to distribute punishments or disincentives when their subordinates fail to comply or do not meet standards set by the authority. It is one of five sources of power in leadership proposed by French and Raven (French, Raven & Cartwright, 1959)1, and is the opposite of reward
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Legitimate power refers to power that a person in leadership holds as a result of an established institutional hierarchy, such as a manager over their employees or a corporal over a private in the military. Scholars define it as below: “[Legitimate power] is authority that comes with a position and is therefore ascribed. The person
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A mission statement elucidates the purpose and primary goals of your team. It explains to the team members, stakeholders, and management why we invest our time and effort working together daily. For mission statements, you might want to ask: A vision statement portrays the future ambitions you have for the team. For vision statements, you
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A mission statement defines your class’s purpose and primary objectives. It explains to the students and parents why we spend every day in the classroom together. For mission statements, you might want to ask: A vision statement describes the future aspirations you have for the class. For vision statements, you might want to ask: It’s
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