The Four Types Of Parenting Styles

Parenting style refers to the type of discipline that a parent implements to raise their child. The four types of parenting styles are: Each parenting style has different ways in which they enforce rules but also has different emotional dynamics within the parent/child relationship. What are the Four Parenting Styles? The four parenting styles were […]

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Are Bandanas Cultural Appropriation?

Wearing a bandana is not considered cultural appropriation. Many different cultures and ethnic groups wore bandanas for various reasons. White or lighter-skinned peoples are also a big part of the bandana’s history, making it socially and culturally acceptable to wear.  If you’re looking at your drawer full of bandanas, wondering if you can spice up

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10 Base Rate Fallacy Examples

Base rate fallacies occur when statistically relevant information is ignored or overlooked in favor of information that is less relevant. Key components include: Base rate fallacies happen when an individual misjudges the likelihood of an event unfolding because they do not take into account other pertinent and relevant base rate information. Phrased differently, base rate

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15 Inter-Rater Reliability Examples

Inter-rater reliability is a way of assessing the level of agreement between two or more judges (aka raters). Observation research often involves two or more trained observers making judgments about specific observed behaviors, and researchers would like to know if they agree with each other or not. The greater the level of agreement, the higher

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15 Convergent Validity Examples

Convergent validity involves assessing the degree of relatedness between two scales that measure similar constructs. The term “convergent validity” was first used by Campbell and Fiske (1959). They defined it as followz: “a variable [should] correlate higher with an independent effort to measure the same trait than with measures designed to get at different traits…”

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11 Internal Validity Examples

Internal validity of an experiment refers to the extent to which the changes in the dependent variable are due to the independent variable. There can be many scenarios in which the hypothesis of an experiment is supported by the results, but those results were not actually caused by the manipulated independent variable (we sometimes call

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15 Great Ethnography Examples

Ethnography is a research method that involves embedding yourself in the environment of a group or community and recording what you observe. It often involves the researcher living in the community being studied. This leads to a much richer understanding of the people being examined than doing quantitative research. The thing I love about ethnography

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