Extraneous variables (EVs) are factors related to the phenomenon under study, but not specifically included in the research. It is a third major type of variable in a study: Extraneous variables may inadvertently affect the dependent variable. We don’t want this as it interferes with the internal validity of the study! For this reason, researchers […]
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Public health refers to the practice of promoting healthy lifestyles to the public in order to prevent disease, prolong life, and decrease pressure on healthcare systems. The most famous scholarly definition is from Winslow: “The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society,
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Voluntary migration is the voluntary movement of people from one place to another in search of better economic opportunities, social conditions, or environmental conditions. While it can be difficult to leave behind family and friends, many people see voluntary migration as a way to improve their lives and the lives of their families. In human
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A predictor variable is used to predict the occurrence and/or level of another variable, called the outcome variable. A researcher will measure both variables in a scientific study and then use statistical software to determine if the predictor variable is associated with the outcome variable. If there is a strong correlation, we say the predictor
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Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has 7 principles. Read our easy guide on all 7 principles and examples of how to teach ESD at your school.
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Relocation diffusion is one of the six kinds of cultural diffusion studied in AP Human Geography. It explains how cultures spread around the world. In relocation diffusion, cultural elements such as ideas, religions, cuisines, and customs are spread overseas by people when they move to a new place. At the same time, the prominence of
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High school stereotypes are often based on generalizations and assumptions that people make about a certain group of students. While there may be some truth to these stereotypes, they often overlook the individuality of each student. Some students look to these stereotypes to construct their own identities and may even consciously gravitate to one or
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Predictive validity is a type of validity that refers to how well a person’s score on one variable predicts their score on a second variable. The two variables we look at with predictive validity are: In the simplest terms, a correlation is calculated that assesses the degree of the relationship between the predictor and criterion
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Migration is the process of moving from one place to another either permanently or temporarily. In human geography, there are multiple ways of classifying migration, including voluntary or involuntary and internal vs external. Some examples of types of migration include chain, forced, voluntary, cyclical, economic, and step. By studying migration patterns, we can better predict
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A hypocrite is someone who criticizes others for behavior that they participate in themselves. Sometimes we define it as “saying one thing but doing another.” For example, you might be a hypocrite if you complain about bad drivers, then forget to use your indicator at the next intersection. In this scenario, you’re complaining about something
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