The term dyadic communication refers to two people engaged in a conversation. Meaning is transmitted through an in-person dyadic communication scenario in a range of ways, such as: verbal exchange, body language and gestures, facial expressions, and psychological attributes such as attitude and tone of voice. Although we usually think of dyadic communication as being […]
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The term lateral thinking refers to a problem-solving strategy that utilizes creative and indirect reasoning. We might colloquially call it “thinking outside the box.’ Instead of relying on step-by-step analysis of the problem, the conventional method, lateral thinking often produces solutions that only seem obvious in hindsight. The term “lateral thinking” was coined by Edward
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Social reconstruction in education refers to a sociopolitical movement that has the goal of transforming society through the education system. The primary objective of social reconstructionism is to change society in ways that improve the welfare of all citizens, with particular emphasis on helping the disadvantaged. In the latter part of the 20th century, there
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Cooperative learning is when students work together on a course assignment or project. The task complexity can range from a few simple math or reading assignments, or be very involving such as working on a large-scale project. Examples of cooperative learning include groups working in teams on a common goal, students sharing resources to ensure
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Abstract thinking is a type of higher-order reasoning about symbolic or hypothetical ideas and principles. It involves conceptualizing problems, extrapolating outcomes, and arriving at logical and rational conclusions on topics that are often intangible. It sometimes involves sorting, categorizing and calculating data to interpret and condense complex issues into more meaningful and easily understood conceptual
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The demographic transition model portrays how a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as it becomes increasingly industrialized. It describes the changes in a population (age structure, fertility rate, etc.) brought about by technology, education, and economic development. This demographic transition is accompanied by changes in other
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In sociology, sanctions refer to reactions that are used to encourage or discourage someone else’s behaviors in accordance with social norms and values (Farley & Flota, 2017). Sanctions can be divided into several categories such as positive and negative, formal and informal, or internal and external. These types differ according to the nature, goal, and
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Cultural homogenization refers to the idea that different cultures transform and become more similar to each other as globalization progresses (Hassi & Storti, 2012). This process can take place both at a local level, such as a single city or country, or at a global level, among different cultures across the globe. Examples of cultural
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Enculturation refers to the process of learning and internalizing rules, values, and expectations of one’s culture (Grusec & Hastings, 2014). Examples of enculturation include learning and internalizing appropriate dress codes, learning the rules of a workplace, and learning to avoid cultural taboos. Through enculturation, individuals become socialized into their own culture by adopting its norms
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Cultural convergence is the process by which two or more cultures begin to blend together, resulting in the sharing of values, beliefs, customs, and behaviors. It can occur as a result of globalization, modern advances in technology, through cultural intermarriage, or environmental and territorial changes to a group of people’s region or country. Examples of
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