People with practical intelligence have street smarts. They like to solve problems that are relevant to their lives, don’t like dealing with theories or abstract ideas, and like to learn by doing, not reading. Practical people often struggle in education systems that were formed for people who are “book smart”. These people learn better through […]
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An independent variable (IV) is what is manipulated in a scientific experiment to determine its effect on the dependent variable (DV). By varying the level of the independent variable and observing associated changes in the dependent variable, a researcher can conclude whether the independent variable affects the dependent variable or not. This can provide very
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Naturalistic observation is a data collection method that involves observing behavior as it occurs in a natural environment. It is a common methodology in psychology and anthropology. The main idea is to see how people or animals act in their natural habitat, as opposed to a research laboratory. This will give researchers insights into a
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The situational leadership style involves changing one’s leadership style to match the needs of the circumstances and the profiles of the team. It’s all about flexibility. As circumstances change and the people on a team can be completely different, using one style of leadership is going to be ineffective, maybe even disastrous. Therefore, it is
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Indirect democracy is a political order in which people elect representatives who create laws and policies on their behalf. Most likely, you live in a country that conducts regular elections, where citizens get to choose their representatives. These representatives make laws and govern the state; so, essentially, people rule the state indirectly and hence the
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In sociology, pluralism refers to the acceptance of multiple points of view within a society. In cultural terms, pluralism means that various linguistic, ethnic, and subjective differences can exist among people, and yet everybody can live together peacefully. Politically, it implies that there is not simply a “majority rule” but a system where the voices
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Equality is a political ideal that all human beings have equal worth and deserve equal opportunities in life, regardless of race, gender, caste, etc. Until a few decades ago, one’s skin color played a massive role in their life: in the United States, black Americans could not drink water or use the same washrooms as
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Examples of cultural differences include differences in values, norms, beliefs, mores, rituals, mannerisms, and expressions between different societies. We can also identify cultural differences in eating and drinking habits, religious beliefs, moral beliefs, rituals, time management, sanitation, greeting, gift giving, exchange, conformity, rebelliousness, sports, language, work ethic, marriage, and so on can all be cultural.
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In psychology, instrumental learning occurs when an organism learns a behavior that brings about certain outcomes. Think about pet dogs. You may have seen them around their owners, and they often listen to their commands. When the owner says “sit”, the dog sits down. How does the dog, which cannot understand human language, perform this
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In sociology, impression management refers to the conscious and unconscious acts that we perform to influence how others see us. It includes appearance, behaviors, and messages, all of which we use to portray a desired image to others (Omarzu, 2012). Think about your workplace. You go there dressed in a certain way, interact with colleagues
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