Normative ethics is focused on exploring what actions are morally correct or incorrect and how one ought to conduct themselves in various situations. It seeks definitive answers to questions like “What makes an action good?” and “How should I strive to act?”. Three major normative ethics theories are: Each of these theories is based on […]
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Industrialization is the transformation of a society from an agrarian to an industrial one based on factory and mechanized production. It leads to a major re-organization of the economy and also has several social consequences. Industrialization fundamentally changes manufacturing (production of goods and services) by introducing mechanized means of mass production. Industrialism has led to
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The Gestalt principle of connectedness states that individual elements that are connected to each other via a line or shared border are perceived as being in the same grouping. The connectedness principle can be used to help demonstrate links between ideas and clusters of concepts. It’s effective in helping to ensure themes are visible in
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The Gestalt law of closure states that the human mind seeks to create coherence. If presented with a stimulus such as an image that contains missing elements, the mind will fill in those gaps to create the perception of a completed image. When we see an image such as a circle, it consists of one
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The Gestalt principle of continuity states that when individual elements of a visual image are aligned in a way that suggests a continuous line, they will be perceived as an integrated whole. So, a string of dots arranged sequentially will lead our eyes to follow that path, be it straight or curved, because it is
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Operationalization is the process of connecting abstract concepts to variables so they can then be measured or observed. It involves assigning specific definitions or characteristics to a concept to quantify or test it. Operationalization is an important part of empirical research, as it helps researchers to reformulate abstract terms into measurable components so that data
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Ageism refers to discrimination or the holding of prejudices against people based on their age. It is usually directed towards the elderly but can also involve discrimination against younger people. Such views about age are often socially constructed implicit biases, and due to their widespread nature, they are often internalized by people: many older people
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Age stratification theory is a theoretical model developed by Matilda White Riley in the 1970s, which argues that age is an important factor in understanding social inequality. The theory posits that societies are structured according to a hierarchy of ages, with younger people occupying lower positions while older people hold higher positions. This stratification has
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Raising the minimum wage can leave many families with a greater disposable income and quality of life, reduce the poverty rate, and stimulate economic growth through increased spending. However, other economists argue that it can also distort the market in a way that decreases the number of jobs available, could harm working conditions, and often
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Illusory correlations happen when two variables (people, events, or behaviors), are perceived to have a relationship, when in fact, there is no logical reason for them to be correlated. An illusory correlation can lead to bad decision making and even wrongful accusations! It can also lead us into developing detrimental beliefs and taking harmful actions.
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