Instructional strategies are the building blocks of a good lesson. They are the tools and techniques that teachers use to help students to overcome obstacles to learning and reach higher levels of knowledge and understanding. Usually, teachers are required to list instructional strategies in a lesson plan or unit of work. By listing out your […]
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Te Whàriki is the New Zealand Early Childhood Education curriculum. It was developed in 1996 through collaboration between Indigenous and non-Indigenous educators. Its intention was to be a curriculum that embraces genuine multicultural education and is based upon Maori and Pasifika worldviews. This curriculum covers the education of children from birth to 5 years of
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In Marx’s view of society, conflict was inherent between social groups because resources were limited. Those who had access to these scarce resources had every incentive to deny them to those who did not. This, in a nutshell, is the conflict theory in sociology. Conflict theory is most commonly associated with the philosophy of Karl
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A social fact is any phenomenon that exercises control over the lives of individuals due to its being accepted as a norm by a large number of people. It’s not a physical thing, but a concept that society generally agrees upon. Examples of social facts include religion, currency, the nation-state, morality, chivalry, and the family.
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Ethnomethodology is the study of how social order emerges from and through social interaction processes. Essentially, ethnomethodology seeks to create classifications of individuals’ social actions within groups by drawing directly on the experience of the groups. It does not impose the researcher’s assumptions about what constitutes social reality and order. Ethnomethodology is a subset of
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The conjunction fallacy is an error in reasoning whereby people think the chances of two things happening together is greater than the chance of one of those things happening alone. Each piece of information is known as a conjunct – hence the name conjunction fallacy. This fallacy also has a psychological component where people are
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Behavioral psychology is a field of psychology that focuses on the study of behaviors and how they are learned and changed. Within this field, we can identify a range of behaviors that each have unique causes, intentions, or consequences. Examples of behavior in psychology include over and covert, conscious and unconscious, rational and irrational, and
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Affirming the consequent is a formal logical fallacy that takes a true statement and invalidly infers its converse. It is a formal logical fallacy because the fallacy is caused by a structural error in a deductive argument (an argument in which if the premises are true the conclusion is guaranteed to be true). This means
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An appeal to ignorance fallacy will state that if something cannot be conclusively proven then the opposite must be true. This fallacy takes advantage of the fact that either collectively or individually we cannot know everything about ourselves and the world. As there are so many things in the world which we cannot conclusively prove,
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Opportunity cost is the cost of giving up one opportunity in order to take another one. The ‘next best alternative’ that must be given up comes with a cost. For example, you may be faced making the choice: get a job straight out of university or take a gap year. If you choose to take
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