Technical skills are skills that are required to perform specific tasks and use technological tools relevant for a particular field or industry.
We consider technical skills to be domain-specific talents that can prove directly beneficial in the execution of tasks related to jobs in those fields (Lazarova & Boudreau, 2019).
They are often learned through specialized training or on-the-job experiences, and are of very high value to employers, making them important to put on a resume.
Developing technical skills requires dedicated learning and direct interaction with the related tools, processes, or methodologies (Pan, Pan, & Leidner, 2015). This distinguishes them from ‘soft skills’ such as communication or leadership, which are broadly applicable in various domains. For example, Python programming is a technical skill required for software development jobs, while leadership would be a soft skill beneficial across various industries.
Technical Skills Examples
1. Information Technology (IT) Sector
Technical Skills for Information Technology | Description |
1. Computer Programming | Knowledge in languages like Python, C++, and Java is critical in many IT jobs. |
2. Data Analysis | Analyzing complex data sets to drive insights. |
3. Cybersecurity | Protecting computer systems from theft, data damage, or disruption of services. |
4. Network Architecture | Designing, implementing, and managing complex digital networks. |
5. Cloud Management | Knowledge of cloud services such as Amazon Web Services (AWS) or Microsoft Azure. |
6. Machine Learning | Building and implementing advanced algorithms that learn from and make decisions based on data. |
7. Project Management | Overseeing and ensuring the successful completion of projects. |
8. Software Development | Designing, coding, and testing software or apps. |
9. Systems Analysis | Analyzing computer systems to improve efficiency. |
10. Database Management | Operating and managing databases effectively using SQL or other database languages. |
11. IT Support | Resolving technical issues in hardware and software. |
12. Quality Assurance | Testing systems for potential improvements, bugs, or security issues. |
13. Augmented and Virtual Reality | Knowledge in the creation and implementation of AR/VR technologies. |
14. Mobile Development | Building applications for mobile devices using development tools like Android Studio or Xcode. |
15. Artificial Intelligence | Knowledge of creating self-learning systems using predictive models and algorithms. |
2. Engineering Sector
Technical Skill for Engineering | Description |
16. CAD (Computer-Aided Design) | Proficiency in CAD software such as AutoCAD or SolidWorks is critical for designing and modeling projects. |
17. Project Management | The ability to plan, coordinate, and oversee engineering projects to ensure they are completed effectively. |
18. Mathematical Modeling | The use of mathematical structures and equations to simulate and analyze real-world systems. |
19. Technical Drawing | The ability to create accurate and detailed blueprints and schematics. |
20. Quality Control | The process of reviewing the quality of all engineering factors involved in production. |
21. Programming | Necessary for engineers working on automated or computer-controlled systems; languages may include Python, R, or MATLAB. |
22. Simulation Software | Familiarity with software like ANSYS or COMSOL for conducting stress tests on design models. |
23. Finite Element Analysis | The ability to use FEA software to evaluate the performance of a material under a load. |
24. Material Selection | Knowledge of different materials and their properties to select the best one for a particular project. |
25. Systems Engineering | The ability to design systems to fulfill user requirements. |
26. Health and Safety Regulations | Knowledge of relevant engineering safety standards and practices. |
27. Circuit Design | Essential for electrical and electronics engineers for creating and implementing circuits. |
28. Biomechanics | A technical skill necessary in bioengineering for designing and testing medical devices. |
29. Thermodynamics | A core skill for mechanical engineers to understand heat transfer, energy, and other related systems. |
3. Healthcare Sector
Technical Skills for Nursing and Healthcare | Description |
30. Emergency Response Tools | Proficiency in handling urgent healthcare situations using Basic Life Support (BLS) or Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) techniques. |
31, Patient Assessment and Triage | Ability to assess and analyze health symptoms to arrive at a diagnosis. |
32, Medical Software Proficiency | Familiarity with electronic health records (EHR) systems like Epic or Cerner. |
33. Pharmacology | Knowledge of drug classification, interactions, side effects, and uses. |
24. Sterilization Techniques | Knowledge of proper sterilization techniques to eradicate infectious agents. |
35. Medical Instrumentation | Ability to accurately use various medical tools for different procedures. |
36. Health Insurance Procedures | Knowledge of billing systems, insurance procedures, and coding. |
37. Laboratory Skills | Experience in collecting samples and conducting medical lab tests. |
38. Physiological Monitoring | Understanding of patient monitoring devices for tracking vital signs. |
39. Surgical Assisting | Ability to assist physicians in surgical procedures. |
40. Medical Coding | Proficiency in medical billing codes, such as ICD-10. |
41. Anatomical Knowledge | Detailed understanding of human anatomy and physiology. |
42. Radiology | Skill in interpreting imaging results from X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, etc. |
4. Manufacturing Sector
Technical Skills for Manufacturing Sector | Description |
43. Machine Operation | Proficiency in running various types of manufacturing machines. |
44. Quality Assurance | Knowledge of testing methods to ensure product quality and consistency. |
45. Assembly Line Work | Skill in performing tasks as part of an assembly line process. |
46. Welding | Ability to join separate pieces of metal using high heat. |
47. CAD/CAM Software | Familiarity with computer-aided design and manufacturing software such as AutoCAD or SolidWorks. |
48. Lean Manufacturing | Understanding of lean principles to improve efficiency and reduce waste in production. |
49. Equipment Maintenance | Skills in the upkeep and repair of manufacturing tools or machinery. |
50. Inventory Management | Ability to efficiently manage stock to ensure smooth production. |
51. Health and Safety Compliance | Familiarity with occupational health and safety standards in the workplace. |
52. Precision Measurement | Mastery of tools like calipers and micrometers to ensure exact measurements in manufacturing processes. |
53. CNC Machine Operation | Proficiency in using Computer Numerical Control machinery for production. |
54. Production Scheduling | Ability to create and follow schedules to meet production goals. |
5. Education Sector
Technical Skills for Teachers | Description |
55. Curriculum Development | Crafting and implementing effective learning programs. |
56. Learning Management Systems (LMS) | Navigating and using platforms like Canvas or Blackboard to manage coursework. |
57. Instructional Design | Knowledge of how to develop educational experiences to facilitate learning in a specific area. |
58. Educational Technology | Proficiency in using tools such as digital whiteboards, student response systems (clickers), and specific educational software. |
59. E-learning | Developing online courses and learning materials. |
60. Online Assessment Tools | Implementing platforms such as Kahoot, Socrative, and Google Forms for online assessments. |
61. Digital Communication Tools | Using online communication tools for engaging with students (Remind, ClassDojo, etc.). |
62. Subject-Specific Software | Using subject-specific software such as Geometer’s Sketchpad for math or Adobe Photoshop for graphic design classes. |
63. Differentiated Instruction | Developing lessons that cater to a range of learning styles and abilities. |
64. STEM Skills | Teaching science, technology, engineering, and math-related subjects require specific technical teaching strategies. |
65. Familiarity with State Standards | Knowledge of the state’s learning standards and benchmarks, which is critical when developing a curriculum. |
66. Data Analysis Software Proficiency | Analyzing student performance data to inform teaching methods. |
67. Language Teaching Software | Utilizing digital language learning platforms such as Rosetta Stone, especially for foreign language teachers. |
68. Pedagogical Content Knowledge | The ability to know what methods to use to teach specific content, having both the teaching skills and the content knowledge at the same time. |
6. Telecommunications Sector
Technical Skills For Telecommunications Sector | Description |
69. Network Architecture | Skills in designing, setting up, and managing telecommunication networks. |
70. Circuit Design | Ability to design and implement circuits for telecommunications systems. |
71. IP Networks | Detailed knowledge of internet protocol networks and associated systems. |
72. Fiber Optics | Proficiency in handling and installing fiber optic cables used in high-speed internet. |
73. Network Security | Ability to protect telecommunication networks from intrusions and attacks. |
74. Telecommunications Software Proficiency | Proficient in specific industry software like MATLAB, Putty, Wireshark, etc. |
75. Wireless Communication | Knowledge of different wireless technologies like 4G, 5G, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc. |
76. Technical Troubleshooting | Skills to diagnose and resolve technical issues within a network. |
77. RF Engineering | Knowledge of radio frequency engineering, including spectral analysis and RF circuit design. |
78. Quality Assurance | Ability to review and test telecommunications to ensure the optimal performance of systems. |
79. System Integration | Skills in effectively linking various subsystems and ensuring that they work together. |
80. VOIP | Understanding of Voice over Internet Protocol, for providing voice communication and multimedia sessions over the internet. |
7. Finance Sector
Technical Skills for Finance Sector | Description |
81. Financial Forecasting | Ability to predict future revenues and expenses based on historical data using financial software. |
82. Spreadsheet Proficiency | Advanced use of Microsoft Excel or similar software for financial operations. |
83. Financial Software | Expertise in using financial software like QuickBooks, Oracle Financials, Sage, or SAP. |
84. Financial Analysis | Skill in analyzing financial statements, ratio analysis, and financial indicator evaluation. |
85. Budget Management | Proficiency in planning budgets and managing budgeting software. |
86. Financial Modeling | Using programming languages like SQL, Python, or R to build complex financial models. |
87. Accounting Software | Mastery in the use of programs like Tally, QuickBooks, and Zoho Books for carrying out accounting tasks. |
88. E-commerce Platforms | Familiarity with platforms like Amazon, Shopify, and eBay for handling financial transactions. |
89. Risk Assessment Software | Proficiency in using software that predicts potential financial risks. |
90. ERP Systems | Skillful use of enterprise resource planning systems like SAP and Oracle. |
91. Tax Preparation Tools | Expertise in using software programs like TurboTax, H&R Block for preparing and filing taxes. |
92. Data Visualization | Proficiency in creating financial reports using data visualization tools like Tableau, PowerBI, etc. |
93. Regression Analysis | The capacity to perform regression analysis to predict finance trends. |
94. Cryptocurrency Blockchain | Understanding of the digital blockchain ledger system for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. |
95. Quantitative Analysis | The ability to conduct quantitative analysis to support asset valuation and portfolio management. |
8. Project Management
Technical Skills for Project Managers | Description |
96. Project Scheduling | Proficiency in using scheduling tools like Microsoft Project, Gantt Charts, or PERT charts to manage timelines. |
97. Business Case Writing | Ability to create a detailed business case to justify the initiation of a project. |
98. Earned Value Management | Skills in using the earned value approach to measure and control project costs and schedule. |
99. Risk Analysis Software | Proficiency in tools like RiskAvert or RiskyProject for risk analysis and management. |
100. Agile Software | Mastery of Agile tools and software like Jira, Trello, or Asana used in Agile project management. |
101. Resource Allocation | Skills in using software to allocate resources effectively across various tasks. |
102. Critical Path Method | Ability to calculate the longest path of planned activities to the end of the project and determine the earliest and latest start and finish times for each activity. |
103. Project Budgeting Software | Proficiency in budgeting tools like Zoho Books or QuickBooks. |
104. Data Analysis Tools | Knowledge in utilizing data analysis tools like Python, R, or Tableau in project management to extract insights from data. |
105. Contract Management Software | Proficiency in using contract management systems to streamline legal and procurement processes. |
106. Cost Estimating Software | Skills in using tools like Estimator360 or Clear Estimates to accurately estimate project costs. |
107. Scope Management | Proficiency in using software tools to define and control what is and is not included in the project. |
108. Version Control Systems | Skills in using version control systems like Git, especially in software projects, to manage changes to project documents, code, etc. |
109. Customer Relationship Management | Proficiency in CRM platforms like Salesforce, especially in client-facing projects, to better understand customer needs and behaviors. |
110. Workflow Automation | Skills in using automation tools like Kissflow or Zoho Flow to automate repetitive tasks within the project. |
Types of Skills (Technical vs Soft vs Hard)
Technical skills, hard skills, and soft skills are three distinct categories of abilities and competencies that individuals possess, whether naturally, through education or training, or through experience.
- Technical skills refer specifically to the knowledge and abilities required to execute specific tasks related to a job or a field, typically making use of various tools, technologies or methodologies (Pan, Pan & Leidner, 2015). For example, a software developer needs technical skills in coding languages like Java or Python, while a data analyst might need technical skills in statistical software like R or SAS.
- Hard skills overlap a lot with technical skills. Oftentimes, one skill is both a hard skill and a technical skill. Hard skills relate to specific professional expertise and knowledge that are teachable and quantifiable – they’re often acquired through formal education, training, or on-the-job experience (Cimatti, 2016). For example, a trained accountant would need hard skills such as the ability to prepare balance sheets, while a licensed commercial driver would need a hard skill such as the ability to operate a commercial vehicle.
- Soft skills, often termed as people or interpersonal skills, encompass attributes and personal characteristics that dictate how individuals interact with others (Succi & Canovi, 2020). They’re considered more difficult to measure objectively (unlike hard skills), and include abilities such as teamwork, communication, problem-solving, adaptability, and conflict resolution.
Despite their differences, these three categories of skills often overlap and complement one another in the workplace. Thus, a well-rounded employee is likely to possess a blend of technical, hard, and soft skills.
Conclusion
In the era of rapid digital transformation, technical capabilities have gained more importance in the job market (Nguyen, Newby, & Macaulay, 2015).
Furthermore, experts predict that the increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation technologies in the workplace will create even greater demand for job-seekers proficient in technological skills.
For instance, the rise of cloud computing necessitates knowledge in services such as Amazon AWS or Google Cloud Platform for IT professionals.
So, overall, the presentation of technical skills on your resume can significantly enhance your chances of being shortlisted for job roles. By aligning your technical proficiencies with the job requirements, you create a compelling case for your candidacy.
References
Cimatti, B. (2016). Definition, development, assessment of soft skills and their role for the quality of organizations and enterprises. International Journal for Quality Research, 10(1).
Lazarova, M. B., & Boudreau, J. W. (2019). Expatriate management. Human Resource Management Review, 29(4), 316-329.
Nguyen, Q., Newby, M., & Macaulay, M. J. (2015). Information technology adoption in small business: Confirmation of a proposed framework. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(1), 207-227. doi: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jsbm.12058
Pan, G., Pan, S. L., & Leidner, D. (2015). The role of IS capabilities in the development of multi-sided platforms: The digital ecosystems strategy of Alibaba.com. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 16(4), 2. doi: 10.17705/1jais.00393
Succi, C., & Canovi, M. (2020). Soft skills to enhance graduate employability: comparing students and employers’ perceptions. Studies in Higher Education, 45(3), 545-561. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2019.1585420
Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]